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| Solar Powered CDV-700 with CARL box | Solar Powered CDV-700 6B with CARL box. |
Schematic of CDV-700 solar power supply.
CDV-700 with a rechargeable battery pack and solar power modifications.
Here is a larger photo of the CDV-700 PC Board, note the plastic washers on the left side board mounting holes.
(C) 2005, G. Forrest Cook
This project involves making several modification to early 1960s era Victoreen CDV-700 and/or CDV-700-6B Geiger counters. These counters can be purchased on E-Bay. The modifications shown here improve the counter's stability, extend its run time and allow it to be recharged by a small solar panel.
Circuit modifications include:
The upper photos are from a CDV-700 counter with only some of the modifications, the lower photos are from a CDV-700 6B counter with all of the modifications.
This particular CDV-700 meter required a lot of repair work to make it functional.
Here are my notes for the initial repairs of the CDV-700.
The original power supply for the CDV-700 and CDV-700 6B uses two pairs of D cell batteries. The 0V-3V battery set supplies the detector circuit with a few ma of current. The 3V-6V battery pair supplies the oscillator circuit with around 33ma of current. The difference in current draws cause the batteries to wear out at different rates.
Conversion to modern NiMH C cells allows the counter to run for longer periods of time compared to the old zinc-carbon D cells. A set of 5 AA-size NiMH cells could also be used, the run time would be shorter than with the NiMH C cells. The rechargeable batteries can work with a small solar panel for off-grid recharging. NiCd cells can also be used, but NiMH cells have higher power density and are generally better batteries.
After over ten years of occasional use, both of these meters are still running fine on the original NiMH battery sets. The PV panels have been located indoors on sunny window sills. If the counter is stored without charging for a long time, it may be necessary to recharge the battery pack on an external charger.
The LM2950T-5.0 low-dropout voltage regulator stabilizes the supply voltage to the counter, providing a consistant voltage as the battery discharges. This should improve the counter's calibration stability. The five NiMH cells provide an output voltage in the 6-7V range. The LM2950T-5.0 regulator circuit produces 5V, the 1N4001 diode raises the ground reference of the LM2950T-5.0 up by 0.7V, making the regulator's output about 5.7V. The 10K resistor is used to add 0.5ma of current flow through the 1N4001 diode for the purpose of stabilizing the diode's voltage drop.
The string of diodes across the 0-3V terminals is used to stabilize the lower half of the supply at around 2.7V. This half of the power supply only requires a small trickle of current to power the click detector circuit. The 2.7 to 5.7V half of the power supply uses about 33 ma to power the high voltage oscillator. The diodes and the LED absorb the extra current on the 2.7V rail and make it possible to run the Geiger counter without a center-tapped battery system. The 100uF and 470uF electrolytic capacitors are used to isolate the AC ripple that occurs between the two halves of the power supply.
The front panel LED circuit uses some of the excess current from the 0-3V half of the supply. This is essentially "free power" that is otherwise wasted in the diode string regulator. The series resistor limits the LED current to under 20 ma.
A small solar panel was built for charging the NiMH battery. It consists of 20 individual solar cells on a circuit board with a plexiglass shield. This is a non-standard solar assembly, a suitable substitute can be made with single or multiple small solar panels that are sold in the electronics hobby market. The solar panel should put out between 8 and 10 volts DC in full sun, it should be capable of feeding 50 to 100 ma of current through the NiMH battery. The series 1N5818 schottky diode prevents the battery from discharging through the solar panel at night.
The original CDV-700 and CDV-700 6B circuits have a tendency to produce a radio frequency ringing on the high voltage oscillator's transformer drive circuit. The ringing can cause interference with nearby radios. The ringing can be greatly reduced by adding a 1.5nF (CDV-700) or 2.2nF (CDV-700 6B) capacitor across the oscillator driver transistor's base and collector leads (V4). This capacitor sets the oscillator into a critically damped switching mode to produce a cleaner square wave signal.
First, remove the six screws (CDV-600) that hold the two white plastic battery holders on the back of the circuit board assembly. The original screws should be replaced by shorter screws, 3/8" long 6-32 thread machine screws will work, you may need shorter screws. The screws on the probe-wire side of the counter are adjacent to a high voltage circuit board trace, place a nylon washer between the screw and the top of the board to prevent grounding or arcing of the high voltage line.
Note where the original battery wires connect to the board, you can find the 0V, 3V, and 6V contacts on the circuit board this way. Mark the voltages on the board with a magic marker then unsolder the old battery wires.
The new battery assembly and fuse will go in the bottom of the geiger counter box. I wrapped my new battery in a thick plastic bag and used heavy packing foam to wedge it into the bottom of the case. Be careful to keep any battery wiring from poking through the plastic and touching the metal case. A second piece of foam was cut to fit between the counter's meter and PC board, it keeps the battery from moving around.
Drill a hole in the back of the counter box for the solar panel power connector. Wire the two battery wires to the power connector and add two more wires to go from the connector to the counter's board assembly. Make the wires long enough that the top half of the counter can sit upside down next to the bottom half when opened.
The battery (-) lead should go to the old 0V wire position on the PC board, the battery (+) lead goes to the original +6V position, it is located on one of the rotary switch contacts.
CDV-700 6B with regulator board and LED on meter, the regulator board is mounted above the original board with 1/4" plastic spacers.
A number of modifications were made to the Victoreen model CDV-700 6B counter, see my article on Victoreen CDV-700 6B Geiger Counter Repairs and Improvements for information on common problems and fixes to this model. Note that the 6B model shown above with the CARL counter uses the 5.7 power supply regulator shown on this page, not the newer 6V regulator circuit.
The geiger counter power switch contacts are part of the rotary switch, it is necessary to isolate the +6V switched lead in order to insert the 5.7V regulator circuit. The contact that is clockwise (seen from the back) from the +6V position is the switched contact. The switched contact in the CDV-700 connects to a thick circuit board trace, use an Xacto knife to isolate the switch contact. In the model 6B, the switch contact has two traces running in oposite directions. Cut both traces with an Xacto knife and add a jumper around the switch contact.
Assemble the voltage regulator IC, the two 100nF capacitors, the string of diodes, the 10K resistor, the 1N4001, the two 100uF capacitors, and the 91 ohm resistor on a small piece of perforated board. The board was hand-wired on the back side with bare wire. Loops of hookup wire were fashioned on the edge of the perforated board for connection to external wiring, this make it easy to add or remove the wires. Stranded wire was used to link the regulator board to the counter board.
The board was mounted on two of the original battery holder holes using 1/4" insulated standoffs and 6-32 thread screws. Bring the following signals from the regulator board with stranded wires: -battery power, switched +battery power, 3V (2.7V), 6V (5.7V), and both LED wires.
The regulator + input connects to the switch contact with the cut traces. The regulator 5.7V output connects to the other side of the cut trace or traces. The regulator - input connects to the 0V trace on the board. The regulator 2.7V output connects to the 3V trace on the board. Note that the regulator board will not produce the 2.7V power unless it is connected to the rest of the CDV-700 6B circuitry.
The CDV-700 6B oscillator adjustment potentiometer (marked HV) should be adjusted so that the battery current into the 6V supply lead is 33mA. A small 2-pin header and jumper can be added in the middle of the 6V supply lead for connection of a current meter during calibration.
The LED + and - lines go from the regulator board to the remote power LED. The LED can either be epoxied into a small hole in the front of the case as shown in the CDV-700 photos, or filed flat and epoxied onto the top or bottom center edge of the meter's back side for an eerie red glowing effect, this is shown in the CDV-700 6B photo. A high intensity LED works best for mounting behind the meter.
Solder a 1.5nF (CDV-700) or a 2.2nF (CDV-700 6B) capacitor across the base and collector of the oscillator transistor. The CDV-700 photos show two parallel disk capacitors mounted on the back side of the board that add up to 1.5nF.
1X LM2950T-5.0 low dropout 5V voltage regulator 1X coaxial battery power jack 5X 1.2V NiMH C cells, 2200maH (or high capacity NiMH AA cells) 1X 1 amp fuse 2X 100nF capacitors 4X 1N4001 Silicon Diodes 3X 1N5818 Schottky Diodes 1X 91 ohm 1/4W resistor 1X red high intensity LED 2X 100uF 16V electrolytic capacitors 1X coaxial battery power plug 1X solar cell array, VOC: 10V ISC: 75ma (or similar) 1X 1.5nF capacitor (CDV-700) 1X 2.2nF capacitor (CDV-700 6B)
See George Dowell's notes on modifying a CDV-700 6B counter. He occasionally sells these modified counters on E-Bay, I have no affiliation with him.
Here is the original schematic for the CDV-700 6B counter.
See the companion projects:
Back to FC's Geiger Counter Circuits page.
